HYPOTHYROIDISM: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON ETIOLOGIES, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i4.5100

Keywords:

Hypothyroidism. Etiology. Diagnosis. Therapeutic behaviors

Abstract

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine condition characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones. This dysfunction affects approximately 4.6% of the world population, with a higher prevalence in women and the elderly. Objective: Review the etiologies, diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, using articles present in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese published between 2013 and 2024, which addressed hypothyroidism, were included. After analysis, 31 articles were selected to prepare this bibliographic review. Results and Discussion: Among the main etiologies discussed are autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, treatment with radioactive iodine, nutritional deficiencies and the effects of medications. Laboratory tests, such as measuring TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), free T4 and antithyroid antibodies, are essential for diagnosing hypothyroidism. Hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine, a synthetic thyroxine (T4) hormone, is the main therapeutic approach for primary hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine condition that significantly affects patients' quality of life.

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Author Biographies

Lucas Mainardo Rodrigues Bezerra

Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba-IESVAP.

Bruna Meneses Martins Costa

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Giovana Sardi de Freitas Alvarez Lopes

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Gabriela Maria Rivalta Matias

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Lucas Pereira de Carvalho

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Alice Machado Barbosa dos Santos

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Adolfo José Lages Nunes

Acadêmica de Medicina.

Mariana de Arruda Frazão

Acadêmica de medicina.

Pedro Henrique Fréres Holanda

Acadêmico de Medicina.

Ana Carolina Agnes

Acadêmica de Medicina

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Published

04/04/2024

How to Cite

Mainardo Rodrigues Bezerra, L., Meneses Martins Costa, B., Sardi de Freitas Alvarez Lopes, G., Rivalta Matias, G. M., Pereira de Carvalho , L., Machado Barbosa dos Santos , A., … Agnes, A. C. (2024). HYPOTHYROIDISM: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON ETIOLOGIES, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES. RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218, 5(4), e545100. https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i4.5100

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Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): CLICK HERE TO ACCESS THE ARTICLES

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