FISIOPATOLOGÍA Y MANEJO TERAPÉUTICO DEL DELIRIO: UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i6.5261Palabras clave:
Delirio. Fisiopatología. Terapéutica.Resumen
El delirio es una condición neuropsiquiátrica aguda y multifacética que se manifiesta como una alteración de la conciencia y una reducción de la capacidad cognitiva. Objetivo: Analizar los mecanismos fisiopatológicos y abordajes terapéuticos del delirio, proporcionando una síntesis actualizada de la literatura científica. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, utilizando artículos de las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus y SciELO Se incluyeron artículos originales y revisiones sistemáticas en inglés y portugués publicados entre 2009 y 2024, que abarcan los mecanismos fisiopatológicos y los enfoques terapéuticos de la epilepsia de ausencia. Tras el análisis, se seleccionaron 36 artículos para esta revisión bibliográfica. Resultados y discusión: La fisiopatología del delirio es compleja y multifacética, e implica una interacción compleja entre factores neuroquímicos, neuroinflamatorios, neuroendocrinos y estructurales. Aunque aún no se comprende completamente su etiología exacta, se han propuesto varias teorías para explicar los mecanismos subyacentes a este síndrome neuropsiquiátrico. Los enfoques terapéuticos del delirio son multifacéticos e implican una combinación de intervenciones farmacológicas y no farmacológicas, destinadas a identificar y tratar los factores precipitantes, brindar apoyo sintomático al paciente y prevenir las complicaciones asociadas. Conclusión: La educación y capacitación continua de los profesionales de la salud es esencial para mejorar el reconocimiento temprano del delirio, facilitando intervenciones oportunas y efectivas.
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